{"id":630,"date":"2023-10-07T07:40:15","date_gmt":"2023-10-07T07:40:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swingbearing.net\/?p=630"},"modified":"2024-06-02T04:45:30","modified_gmt":"2024-06-02T04:45:30","slug":"fault-inspection-of-excavator-without-rotation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swingbearing.net\/tr\/fault-inspection-of-excavator-without-rotation\/","title":{"rendered":"Ekskavat\u00f6r\u00fcn rotasyonsuz ar\u0131za denetimi"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00f6nme hareketi olmayan ekskavat\u00f6r ar\u0131zas\u0131: D\u00f6nme hareketi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, di\u011fer hareketlerin ise normal oldu\u011fu tespit edildi.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kolu d\u00f6ner konuma getirildi\u011finde, kontrol ya\u011f\u0131 kontrol valfine ula\u015f\u0131r ve arka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u011f pompas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6ner motora beslemek i\u00e7in d\u00f6ner valf \u00e7ubu\u011funu iter; Ayn\u0131 zamanda, tanka ya\u011f d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol eden ya\u011f devresi kesilir, fren serbest b\u0131rakma valfinin bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r, valf sap\u0131n\u0131 iterek ba\u015fka bir yard\u0131mc\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131n fren pistonuna girmesine izin verir, d\u00f6ner fren cihaz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ar ve d\u00f6ner motorun hareket etmesine neden olur; D\u00f6ner motor, bir d\u00f6nme hareketi olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in d\u00f6ner di\u015fli halkas\u0131 ile birbirine ge\u00e7en di\u015fli kutusunun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck di\u015flisi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ar\u0131za nedeni analizi ve denetimi:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"rotasyonsuz
rotasyonsuz ekskavat\u00f6r<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    D\u00f6ner mekanizman\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibine g\u00f6re, ar\u0131zan\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 nedeni vard\u0131r, yani ana \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u011f\u0131 devresi, mekanik \u015fanz\u0131man ve kontrol ya\u011f\u0131 devresi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (1) Ana \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u011f\u0131 devresinin muayenesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Sal\u0131n\u0131m ana ya\u011f devresinin bas\u0131nc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse, sal\u0131n\u0131m hareketi olu\u015fturmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r. Ana \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u011f\u0131 devresi sisteminin bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn. Arka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u011f\u0131 pompas\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda dahili bir alt\u0131gen ya\u011f tapas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n ve bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 g\u00f6stergesi tak\u0131n. Dizel motoru h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in d\u00f6ner kolu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclen bas\u0131n\u00e7, sistemin normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bas\u0131nc\u0131 olan 23,5MPa'ya ula\u015f\u0131r. Bu, ana \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u011f\u0131 devresindeki t\u00fcm hidrolik bile\u015fenlerin normal oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"Ekskavat\u00f6r<\/a>
    Ekskavat\u00f6r Sal\u0131ncak Rulmanlar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    (2) Mekanik \u015fanz\u0131man par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n muayenesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    D\u00f6ner motor, d\u00f6ner di\u015fli halkas\u0131 etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen \u015fanz\u0131man\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck di\u015flisi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, birbirlerine ge\u00e7en di\u015fliler s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa, d\u00f6nme hareketi de olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Genel olarak, anormal vites ge\u00e7i\u015fi anormal g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcye neden olabilir. \u015eu anda s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda herhangi bir anormal ses duymam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bu nedenle mekanik \u015fanz\u0131man ar\u0131zalar\u0131 ge\u00e7ici olarak g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (3) Kontrol ya\u011f\u0131 devresinin muayenesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Ekskavat\u00f6r\u00fcn di\u011fer t\u00fcm hareketleri normal oldu\u011fundan, kontrol ya\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131 sa\u011flayan yard\u0131mc\u0131 ya\u011f pompas\u0131n\u0131n normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. D\u00f6ner hareket i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 kontrol ya\u011f\u0131 devresi vard\u0131r: d\u00f6ner valf g\u00f6vdesini kontrol eden ya\u011f devresi, fren serbest b\u0131rakma valfi ve park freni pistonuna giren ya\u011f devresi. Spesifik analiz a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    D\u00f6ner kolu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, d\u00f6ner motorun bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 ya\u011f borusuna dokunuldu\u011funda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ya\u011f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olur, bu da ana \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bas\u0131nc\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6ner motora ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kontrol valfinin d\u00f6ner valf g\u00f6vdesinin normal \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131labildi\u011fini ve kontrol ya\u011f\u0131 devresinin normal \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. El freni pistonuna giden ya\u011f bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn. D\u00f6ner motora giden ya\u011f devresinin boru ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n, \u00fc\u00e7 yollu ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 g\u00f6stergesini tak\u0131n ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bas\u0131n\u00e7 4MPa'ya ula\u015farak ya\u011f devresinin bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n normal oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Fren b\u0131rakma valfine giden ya\u011f bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn. D\u00f6ner motora giden ya\u011f devresinin boru ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n, \u00fc\u00e7 yollu ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 g\u00f6stergesini tak\u0131n ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bas\u0131n\u00e7 0,4-0,6MPa'd\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131, bu bas\u0131n\u00e7 fren serbest b\u0131rakma valfini a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr (normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bas\u0131nc\u0131 4MPa olmal\u0131d\u0131r) ve di\u011fer devreden gelen kontrol ya\u011f\u0131, d\u00f6ner fren cihaz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mak bir yana, fren pistonuna akamaz. Bu nedenle d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte herhangi bir hareket olmaz. Bu ya\u011f devresindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131nc\u0131n iki nedeni vard\u0131r. Birincisi, kontrol valfinin s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 yaparak fren ay\u0131rma valfine giren ya\u011f bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olmas\u0131d\u0131r. (Bas\u0131n\u00e7 g\u00f6stergesini kontrol valfinden fren salma valfine giden kontrol ya\u011f\u0131 borusunun boru ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011flay\u0131n ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ya\u011f bas\u0131nc\u0131 sadece 0,4-0,6MPa'd\u0131r, bu da kontrol valfinin s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir); \u0130kinci neden, fren salma valfinin a\u015f\u0131nma ve y\u0131pranma nedeniyle s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 yapmas\u0131 ve bu da oturma bo\u015flu\u011funu art\u0131rmas\u0131d\u0131r (s\u00f6kme ve incelemeden sonra, valf g\u00f6vdesi ve valf deli\u011fi iyi oturur ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma olgusu yoktur).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sorun Giderme: Ekskavat\u00f6rlerde Kontrol Vanas\u0131 Ar\u0131zalar\u0131n\u0131n Te\u015fhisi ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in Derinlemesine K\u0131lavuz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Ekskavat\u00f6rler, kazma ve kald\u0131rmadan d\u00f6nd\u00fcrme ve hareket ettirmeye kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6revleri yerine getirmek i\u00e7in hidrolik sistemlerine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00fcvenen karma\u015f\u0131k makine par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu hidrolik sistemdeki kritik bile\u015fenlerden biri kontrol valfidir. Kontrol valfi, hidrolik s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczenleyerek ekskavat\u00f6r\u00fcn hareketleri \u00fczerinde hassas kontrol sa\u011flar. Ancak bir ar\u0131za meydana geldi\u011finde, makinenin performans\u0131n\u0131 ve verimlili\u011fini ciddi \u015fekilde etkileyebilir. Bu ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 k\u0131lavuz, sorunu te\u015fhis etmek i\u00e7in at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlar, onar\u0131m s\u00fcreci ve gelecekteki sorunlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik tedbirler de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir kontrol valfi ar\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 giderme s\u00fcrecini incelemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ekskavat\u00f6rlerde Kontrol Valflerinin Rol\u00fcn\u00fc Anlamak<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Kontrol valfleri, hidrolik s\u0131v\u0131y\u0131 ekskavat\u00f6r\u00fcn farkl\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in gereklidir. Hidrolik s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmekten sorumludurlar, bu da makinenin hareketlerinin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve kuvvetini kontrol eder. Bir ekskavat\u00f6rdeki kontrol valflerinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca i\u015flevleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n