{"id":4580,"date":"2024-07-18T15:55:35","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T15:55:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swingbearing.net\/?p=4580"},"modified":"2024-07-18T15:55:38","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T15:55:38","slug":"how-to-effectively-prevent-excavator-slewing-ring-bearing-failure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swingbearing.net\/cs\/how-to-effectively-prevent-excavator-slewing-ring-bearing-failure\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b p\u0159edch\u00e1zet poruch\u00e1m lo\u017eisek oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f bagr\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00davod<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Lo\u017eisko oto\u010dn\u00e9ho krou\u017eku rypadla<\/a><\/strong> je d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed r\u00fdpadla, kter\u00e1 hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i podp\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed stroje a umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho oto\u010dn\u00e9 pohyby. Vzhledem ke zna\u010dn\u00e9mu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a provozn\u00edm n\u00e1rok\u016fm kladen\u00fdm na r\u00fdpadla mus\u00ed b\u00fdt lo\u017eisko oto\u010dn\u00e9ho krou\u017eku pe\u010dliv\u011b vybr\u00e1no, instalov\u00e1no a udr\u017eov\u00e1no, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo poruch\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 mohou naru\u0161it provoz a zp\u016fsobit n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u0161kody. Tento blog se bude zab\u00fdvat podrobn\u00fdmi kroky a osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdmi postupy, jak p\u0159edch\u00e1zet poruch\u00e1m lo\u017eisek oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f u r\u00fdpadel a zajistit tak jejich dlouhodobou v\u00fdkonnost a bezpe\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdznam lo\u017eisek kluzn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Lo\u017eisko
Lo\u017eisko oto\u010dn\u00e9ho krou\u017eku rypadla<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kluzn\u00e1 lo\u017eiska jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi spojovac\u00edmi sou\u010d\u00e1stmi r\u00fdpadel, kter\u00e1 poskytuj\u00ed pot\u0159ebnou oporu a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed hladk\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed stroje. Tato lo\u017eiska jsou vystavena vysok\u00e9mu axi\u00e1ln\u00edmu a radi\u00e1ln\u00edmu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed i klopn\u00fdm moment\u016fm, tak\u017ee jsou n\u00e1chyln\u00e1 k opot\u0159eben\u00ed. Chyby v p\u0159esnosti instalace, nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 \u00fadr\u017eba mohou v\u00e9st k z\u00e1vad\u00e1m a skryt\u00fdm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost rypadla a mohou zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed nehody. Proto je nezbytn\u00e9 zajistit spr\u00e1vnou konstrukci, v\u00fdb\u011br, instalaci a \u00fadr\u017ebu lo\u017eisek oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo poruch\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rozumn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br lo\u017eisek oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f pro r\u00fdpadla<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"CAT374F<\/a>
CAT374F 378-9586 Kyvn\u00e9 lo\u017eisko<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je volba spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho tvaru a \u00fanosnosti oto\u010dn\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska r\u00fdpadla. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktura t\u011bchto lo\u017eisek je velmi p\u0159esn\u00e1 a je navr\u017eena tak, aby odol\u00e1vala sou\u010dasn\u011b velk\u00fdm axi\u00e1ln\u00edm a radi\u00e1ln\u00edm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm a klopn\u00fdm moment\u016fm. Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 typy oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ekov\u00fdch lo\u017eisek pat\u0159\u00ed jedno\u0159ad\u00e1 a dvou\u0159ad\u00e1 kuli\u010dkov\u00e1, jedno\u0159ad\u00e1 k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e1 a t\u0159\u00ed\u0159ad\u00e1 v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska. Ka\u017ed\u00fd typ m\u00e1 jinou \u00fanosnost, kter\u00e1 je ur\u010dena k\u0159ivkou zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed lo\u017eiska. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru lo\u017eiska se ujist\u011bte, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fd kroutic\u00ed moment je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dvojn\u00e1sobek vypo\u010dten\u00e9ho kroutic\u00edho momentu rypadla, aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna dostate\u010dn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed rezerva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed tuhosti spojen\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem je tuhost spojen\u00ed lo\u017eiska oto\u010dn\u00e9ho krou\u017eku. Lo\u017eisko oto\u010dn\u00e9ho stolu je relativn\u011b slabou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed celkov\u00e9 konstrukce stroje. Nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 tuhost spojen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k deformaci, abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edmu uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed deforma\u010dn\u00ed energie, \u00fanavov\u00e9mu prask\u00e1n\u00ed spojovac\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a nadm\u011brn\u00e9 periodick\u00e9 pru\u017en\u00e9 deformaci. Tyto probl\u00e9my mohou v\u00e9st k dodate\u010dn\u00e9mu r\u00e1zov\u00e9mu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch drah, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee ohrozit v\u00fdkonnost a \u017eivotnost lo\u017eiska. Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed tuhosti spojen\u00ed naho\u0159e i dole v lo\u017eisku je pro p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed t\u011bmto probl\u00e9m\u016fm z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kontrola mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed v\u016fle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 kontrola mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed v\u016fle lo\u017eiska oto\u010dn\u00e9ho krou\u017eku. Axi\u00e1ln\u00ed mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed v\u016fle mezi valiv\u00fdmi t\u011blesy a valivou dr\u00e1\u017ekou by m\u011bla b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1na v rozmez\u00ed 0,3-0,5 mm. Vzhledem k omezen\u00edm v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu je v\u0161ak \u010dasto n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 t\u00e9to kontroly dos\u00e1hnout. Nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 v\u016fle m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9mu dynamick\u00e9mu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed b\u011bhem ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje zna\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fd pohyb v bod\u011b vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed s prom\u011bnnou amplitudou, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 kontrola v\u00fdrobn\u00edch toleranc\u00ed v\u00e9st k p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00fdm mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edm v\u016fl\u00edm, co\u017e vede k protla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi valiv\u00fdmi elementy, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edho provozn\u00edho odporu a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kluzn\u00e9 t\u0159ec\u00ed s\u00edly. Tyto probl\u00e9my urychluj\u00ed opot\u0159eben\u00ed a sni\u017euj\u00ed \u017eivotnost lo\u017eiska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed technick\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f na instalaci<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed technick\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f na mont\u00e1\u017e oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f je prvo\u0159ad\u00e9. Tato lo\u017eiska jsou vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky pro t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se specifick\u00fdmi pokyny pro instalaci, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba pe\u010dliv\u011b dodr\u017eovat:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed sva\u0159ovan\u00fdch lahv\u00ed:<\/strong> Prove\u010fte tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, abyste odstranili vnit\u0159n\u00ed pnut\u00ed, a zajist\u011bte, aby byl povrch instala\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1kladny mechanicky opracov\u00e1n nebo vybrou\u0161en pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed rovinnosti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed kalen\u00e9ho m\u011bkk\u00e9ho p\u00e1su:<\/strong> B\u011bhem v\u00fdroby se na dr\u00e1ze vytvo\u0159\u00ed kalen\u00fd m\u011bkk\u00fd p\u00e1s. Tento p\u00e1s by m\u011bl b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bn v m\u00edstech, kter\u00e1 nejsou zat\u00ed\u017eena nebo jsou zat\u011b\u017eov\u00e1na jen z\u0159\u00eddka. U r\u00fdpadel m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt instalov\u00e1n rovnob\u011b\u017en\u011b s kolejnic\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Nastaven\u00ed skoku ozuben\u00e9ho kola:<\/strong> Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hodnota skoku ozuben\u00e9ho kola se obvykle vyskytuje u t\u0159\u00ed zub\u016f. V\u00fdrobci tento bod ozna\u010duj\u00ed pro optim\u00e1ln\u00ed nastaven\u00ed bo\u010dn\u00ed v\u016fle zub\u016f hnac\u00edho mal\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kola. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed v\u016fle zabra\u0148uje destruktivn\u00edmu opot\u0159eben\u00ed velk\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kola a zamezuje dodate\u010dn\u00e9mu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pohonu ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed a jeho sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Pou\u017eit\u00ed vysokopevnostn\u00edch \u0161roub\u016f:<\/strong> Lo\u017eisko namontujte pomoc\u00ed vysokopevnostn\u00edch \u0161roub\u016f odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed pevnostn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy. M\u00edsto pru\u017en\u00fdch podlo\u017eek pou\u017eijte kalen\u00e9 podlo\u017eky a zajist\u011bte uta\u017een\u00ed \u0161roub\u016f momentov\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem, aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna dostate\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00edla p\u0159edp\u011bt\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \"CAT<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    P\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed poruch\u00e1m lo\u017eisek oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f u r\u00fdpadel vy\u017eaduje komplexn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed pe\u010dliv\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br, spr\u00e1vnou instalaci a pe\u010dlivou \u00fadr\u017ebu. Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm podrobn\u00fdch krok\u016f popsan\u00fdch v t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce m\u016f\u017eete zv\u00fd\u0161it v\u00fdkon, bezpe\u010dnost a \u017eivotnost lo\u017eisek oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f r\u00fdpadla. Pravideln\u00e9 kontroly a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed technick\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f v\u00e1m pomohou vyhnout se n\u00e1kladn\u00fdm poruch\u00e1m a zajist\u00ed bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00fd provoz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    OT\u00c1ZKY A ODPOV\u011aDI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Ot\u00e1zka 1: Pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vybrat spr\u00e1vn\u00fd typ lo\u017eiska oto\u010dn\u00e9ho krou\u017eku pro r\u00fdpadlo?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A1:<\/strong> V\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho typu lo\u017eiska oto\u010dn\u00e9ho krou\u017eku je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, proto\u017ee r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy maj\u00ed r\u016fznou nosnost. V\u00fdb\u011br vhodn\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska zajist\u00ed, \u017ee zvl\u00e1dne axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a klopn\u00e9 momenty, kter\u00fdm jsou r\u00fdpadla vystavena, a t\u00edm zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed jejich v\u00fdkon a zabr\u00e1n\u00ed jejich p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9mu selh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ot\u00e1zka 2: Jak\u00e1 jsou rizika nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 tuhosti spojen\u00ed v lo\u017eisk\u00e1ch oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A2:<\/strong> Nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 tuhost spoje m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k deformaci, abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edmu uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed deforma\u010dn\u00ed energie, \u00fanavov\u00e9mu prask\u00e1n\u00ed spojovac\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a nadm\u011brn\u00e9 pru\u017en\u00e9 deformaci. Tyto probl\u00e9my mohou zp\u016fsobit dodate\u010dn\u00e9 r\u00e1zov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch drah, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee ohrozit v\u00fdkonnost lo\u017eiska a sn\u00ed\u017eit jeho \u017eivotnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ot\u00e1zka 3: Jak m\u016f\u017ee nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed v\u016fle ovlivnit lo\u017eiska oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A3:<\/strong> Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed v\u016fle m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 dynamick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159i ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit zna\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fd pohyb a po\u0161kozen\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch drah. M\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st k protla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi valiv\u00fdmi t\u011blesy, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9mu m\u00edstn\u00edmu provozn\u00edmu odporu a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9mu kluzn\u00e9mu t\u0159en\u00ed, co\u017e urychluje opot\u0159eben\u00ed a sni\u017euje \u017eivotnost lo\u017eiska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ot\u00e1zka 4: Jak\u00e9 kroky je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st p\u0159i mont\u00e1\u017ei lo\u017eisek oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A4:<\/strong> B\u011bhem instalace zajist\u011bte, aby sva\u0159ovan\u00e9 lahve byly tepeln\u011b zpracov\u00e1ny a odstranilo se tak vnit\u0159n\u00ed pnut\u00ed. Um\u00edst\u011bte kalen\u00fd m\u011bkk\u00fd \u0159emen do oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nejsou zat\u00ed\u017eeny nebo jsou zat\u00ed\u017eeny jen z\u0159\u00eddka, spr\u00e1vn\u011b nastavte skok zub\u016f p\u0159evodovky, pou\u017eijte vysokopevnostn\u00ed \u0161rouby s kalen\u00fdmi podlo\u017ekami a ut\u00e1hn\u011bte \u0161rouby momentov\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem, abyste zajistili dostate\u010dnou s\u00edlu p\u0159edp\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ot\u00e1zka 5: Jak \u010dasto je t\u0159eba kontrolovat a udr\u017eovat lo\u017eiska oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A5:<\/strong> Pravideln\u00e9 kontroly a \u00fadr\u017eba by m\u011bly b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed va\u0161eho b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu. \u010cetnost z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zp\u016fsobu pou\u017eit\u00ed a provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch va\u0161eho rypadla. Pravideln\u00e9 kontroly a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed technick\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f pomohou p\u0159edch\u00e1zet poruch\u00e1m a zajist\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto pokyn\u016f m\u016f\u017eete \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b p\u0159edch\u00e1zet poruch\u00e1m lo\u017eisek oto\u010dn\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f ve sv\u00fdch r\u00fdpadlech a zajistit si tak dlouhodobou spolehlivost a v\u00fdkonnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Obsah<\/h2>